Proof World
Posted in Uncategorized on 09/05/2004 04:57 pm by admin
Proof World
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US $7.95
Explosion proof enclosures are systems created to keep electrical products contained so that they cannot start hazardous material that are in the air on fire and cause an explosion. It will not only prevent tragic human injuries and loss but financial ones as well. All kinds of electrical products need to be explosion proof for use in gas stations, paint booths, refineries and anywhere there are materials that can be ignited with a spark from conduit fitting and other electrical materials. Explosion proof enclosures are manufactured with reinforced aluminum, heavy-duty steel, or fiberglass.
All extremely hazardous environments that people work in will have visible explosion proof enclosure systems throughout their facilities. It is standard across the board in industries that have hazardous work environments to install these devices on all their electrical materials, electrical products, and conduit fittings. There are regulations in the United States and in most developed countries that explosion proof enclosure systems must be installed in certain industries and environments. This is done to make the working conditions in these hazardous environments much safer by making them explosion proof and preventing and even eliminating any danger of an explosion occur do to a shortage or spark in an electrical product, electrical material, or conduit fitting.
These systems do not just stop at protecting from electrical explosions. They continue work keeping in mists, gases, and vapors that may ignite. All the vital parts of an explosion proof enclosure are made of materials that can withstand an explosion of exposed to one. The materials and parts of an explosion proof enclose are meticulously engineers by professionals who are highly trained to make them as durable and rugged as possible. This will insure that they will stand up the most hazardous of conditions. Materials like aluminum, polyester fiberglass, and steel make sure that they are able to withstand any extreme condition in any part of the world.
The best explosion proof enclosures are going to be those that have been given certifications and accreditation for international and national institutions. They are going to be made to specific standards, all be given the same rigorous testing, and then they are mass-produced and sold together. The test that the these systems go through will simulate the environments they will be placed in. Also they are exposed to all the different possibilities for danger that can occur in the hazardous environments they were designed to be used in.
In this day and age all legitimate large industrial companies will have investing in these products for the security, safety and protections of not only their employee but products, materials, builders, and other property. Safety is a major concern for large industrial companies manly due to the human factor, however. While all their equipment, products, materials, and eve building can eventually be replaced, the loss of human life cannot be.
Buy explosion proof enclosures and electrical products for your business or for your home, visit dfliq.com, where you will find a variety of industrial electrical surplus from were you can choose what you need and desire.
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Living Proof $7.49 A collection of true stories from around the world, LIVING PROOF showcases cats and kittens with a range of histories who have survived sometimes near-fatal, but always remarkable adventures, to enjoy a happy ending! |
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Proof $5.99 Proof |
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Monster's Proof $7.99 Livey’s younger brother, Darby, a math genius, brings his imaginary friend to life through a mathematical proof. Bob is a creature of pure math, and he hates chaos and disorder. Now Livey, Darby, and some very unique allies must band together to find a way to stop Bob—before he fixes our disorderly world for good. Monster’s Proof brings horror and math together in an unforgettable novel that will forever change the way you look at an equation. |
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The Proof of the Honey $12.99 A bestseller throughout the Arab world, a tribute to sex, eroticism, language and liberty, The Proof of the Honey is a superb celebration of female pleasure. A Syrian scholar working in Paris is invited to contribute to a conference on the subject of classic erotic literature in Arabic. The invitation provides occasion for her to evoke memories from her own life, to exult in her personal liberty, her lovers, her desires, and to revisit moments of shared intimacy with other women as they discuss life, love, and sexual desire. Far more than an erotic novel, The Proof of the Honey is a surprising and illuminating voyage into the history of Arabic literature. Borrowing inspiration from The Thousand and One Nights , erudite asides are woven into the fabric of the protagonist's story and the stories of her lovers. Affirming that "Arabic is the language of sex," and making desire the source of her own personal liberty, Al Neimi has written a stirring novel about the place afforded sex in modern Arabic society and its relationship to the long, rich tradition of Arabic erotica. |
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Ritual of Proof $3.95 In a world where women hold all the power, a titled man can do little but accept his fate -- that his sole purpose is to secure a good match -- and hope his "bed price" is high enough. Jorlan Reynard has every trait necessary for that price -- he is staggeringly handsome. Irresistible. Wildly sensual. But he is also impossibly willful.The brash male refuses to be taken by just any woman merely because she can afford him.Only one -- the Marquelle Green Tamryn -- can claim him. In a bold move, the powerful aristocrat marries him, offering him the security of her name and position, But there are forces conspiring against her, and theMarquelle must summon all her considerable influence to fight for their survival. However, he is not only a passionate lover, but an unexpectedly powerful ally...and soon, the full truth of his remarkable abilities will begin to be revealed to all -- in the "Ritual of Proof." |
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Solomon's Proof $28.18 In "Solomon's Proof," Rashan Barcus chronicles the life and teachings Michael Solomon, a brilliant former Stanford anti-war activist now Rocky Mountain yoga teacher, who claims to be the one prophesied by all religions--and says he can prove it. Indeed, he offers a scientific proof for his assertions at SolomonsProof.com, which encompasses the convergence of science and spirituality, proof of the Big Bang and String theories, the appearance of the World Teacher, the unity of all religions, and the next step in human evolution. From a serendipitous meeting in a Boulder, Colorado, bookstore 33 years ago to 9-11 and beyond, Barcus chronicles his relationship with the sometimes outrageous but always compelling Avatar, whose favorite subjects range from the distortions of the "New Testament" to the similarities of theoretical physics and spiritual teachings, and from the politics of the theatre to the theatre of political action. In addition, Solomon draws a parallel between the two greatest literary thefts in history, those of Jesus and "Shake-speare," which are reconciled in a dream by Barcus in the form of a full-length Shakespearean comedy, "The Bard's Ghost" (included as an appendix). From Nikos Kazantzakis' "The Last Temptation of Christ" to Norman Mailer's "The Gospel According to the Son" and from Robert Heinlein's "Stranger in a Strange Land" to Richard Bach's "Illusions: The Adventures of a Reluctant Messiah" a host of modern writers have explored the possibilities of an Avatar's life and thoughts outside of the selective composite document called the "New Testament." Is Barcus dancing with the devil or present at the birth of an historical turning point? Note: The Hebrew wordthat appears on the cover, spine, and headers of this book is "Hashlamah," which means conciliation, integration, or completion, depending on the context. It is derived from the same root word as Shalom and Solomon.] |
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The Abyssinian Proof $11.81 19th-century Istanbul: a conspiracy to steal an ancient reliquary; a secret which could change the world. |
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Crash Proof $27.95 The economic tipping point for the United States is no longer theoretical. It is a reality today. The country has gone from the world's largest creditor to its greatest debtor; the value of the dollar is sinking; domestic manufacturing is winding down - and these trends don't seem to be slowing. Peter Schiff casts a sharp, clear-sighted eye on these factors and explains what the possible effects may be and how investors can protect themselves. For more than a decade, Schiff has not only observed the U.S. economy, but also helped his clients reposition their portfolios to reflect his outlook. What he sees is a nation facing an economic storm brought on by growing federal, personal, and corporate debt, too-little savings, a declining dollar, and lack of domestic manufacturing. Crash-Proof is an informed and informative warning of a looming period marked by sizeable tax hikes, loss of retirement benefits, double digit inflation, even - as happened recently in Argentina - the possible collapse of the middle class. However, Schiff does have a survival plan that can provide the protection that readers will need in the coming years. |
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Boy Proof $3.95 What happens when an antisocial cinephile meets up with the worldly new guy at school -- a quick-witted artist who's savvy enough to see through her sci-fi disguise? Meet Egg. Her real name is Victoria Jurgen, but she's renamed herself after the kick-ass heroine of her favorite sci-fi movie, TERMINAL EARTH. Like her namesake, Egg dresses all in white, colors her eyebrows, and shaves her head. She always knows the right answers, she's always in control, and she's far too busy -- taking photos for the school paper, meeting with the Science Fiction and Fantasy Club, and hanging out at the "creature shop" with her dad, the special-effects makeup wizard -- to be bothered with friends, much less members of the opposite sex. As far as Egg is concerned, she's boy proof, and she likes it that way. But then Egg meets a boy named Max, a boy who's smart and funny and creative and cool . . . and happens to like Egg. Could this be the end of the world -- at least as Egg knows it? |
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Proof (DVD) $14.38 Gwyneth Paltrow, who won an Oscar for her performance in director John Madden`s SHAKESPEARE IN LOVE, teams up again with Madden in PROOF, a poignant drama based on David Auburn`s Pulitzer Prize-winning play. Paltrow lights up the screen as Catherine, a young woman who has given up a seemingly bright future in order to take care of her ailing father, Robert (Anthony Hopkins), a formerly brilliant mathematician who went crazy. After he dies, Catherine`s closed-off world is invaded by Hal (Jake Gyllenhaal), a young mathematician who worshipped Robert, and Claire (Hope Davis), her successful sister who fears that Catherine is too much like their father--a talented, supremely intelligent person with severe mental problems. During the last years of his life, Robert filled 103 notebooks with his writings, but one of them, written during a brief period of lucidity, could turn the math world on its head, while also threatening Catherine`s already wavering sanity. Auburn co-wrote the screenplay with Rebecca Miller (PERSONAL VELOCITY, THE BALLAD OF JACK AND ROSE), taking it off the stage, setting it in and around Chicago, and breathing new life into the story, along with Stephen Warbeck`s compelling score and plenty of outstanding acting, particularly by the glowing Paltrow and the earnest Gyllenhaal. |
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The Proof (Paperback) $26.73 The Proof opens with a suspenseful encounter between the grandson of Dr. Robert Kanewski, while watching the launch of the Space Shuttle Endeavor, and the alien spiders first seen on Mars in The Evidence. It`s an encounter that costs Dr. Kanewski his life, just as Endeavor blasts off and the journey to Mars continues for John Wells and crew. Later, on Rex Edwards` commercial Mars rocket, Epsilon, the crew heads to Mars to learn more about the strange alien sightings there. With a successful launch to Mars, the three-person crew has an 18-month trip ahead of them. Can they endure the stress and loneliness of 18 months without loved ones? While they are gone, Earth will once again be tested by alien visitors and questionable religious ideas. Are the spiders truly aliens? Back on the earth, there are more problems than Amy`s illness and separation from her husband. Cult-like leader, Father Raines frequently shares prophetic messages from the ?Father Race.? He predicts visitations that come true and the frightened world watches and waits to see what will happen. Suspecting that the ?Father Race? is a hoax, FBI Special Agent Terrance Kerry continues his quest for answers. He travels around the globe, seeking Elias Ulrich, the terrorist he believes is behind the sightings of the aliens. Frequently, he turns to John Wells for insight and together they seek the truth. Ulrich continues his escape from Navy pursuers and the FBI, headed toward a mysterious and historic rendezvous off the coast of Mont Saint Michel in France. Is there an unknowable god and is Malcolm Raines his prophet? Why does Malcolm Raines, the prophet, get every prediction about the aliens perfectly correct? Who are the mother seed? Amidst a backdrop of international intrigue and the unexplained loss of communication with the returning Mars crew, Amy Wells perseveres against the challenges of separation, and months of worry for her space-maroon |
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Proof Of Youth $13.99 Track Listing: 1. Grip Like a Vice, 2. Doing It Right, 3. My World, 4. Titanic Vandalism, 5. Fake ID, 6. Universal Speech, 7. Keys to the City, 8. Wrath of Marcie, The, 9. I Never Needed It Now So Much, 10. Flashlight Flight, 11. Patricia's Moving Picture |
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Where's the Proof? $15.99 "The purpose of this book is to disclose what God says about His "truly born again" believers and unveil the marks and evidences by which we can know if we belong to God or not. In 1 John 3: 10 the author writes, "By this the children of God and the children of the devil are obvious: anyone who does not practice righteousness is not of God, nor the one who does not love his brother." We have the misconception that to question our salvation is a bad thing, but it's Scriptural. By establishing a solid foundation in this matter, my prayer is that you might be able to take hold of these truths and examine yourself, ."to make certain about His calling and choosing you;." (2 Pet. 1: 10). In this new light, you can look at your personal experiences at the time of your "salvation" and evaluate your life against the plumb line of the Scriptures. 1Corinthians 1: 26-29, "For consider your calling, brethren, that there were not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble; but God has chosen the foolish things of the world to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to shame the things that are strong, and the base things of the world and the despised...that no man should boast.." This is my qualifications, weak, despised, foolish, yet called. I have no seminary training, no college degree. I lack in the ability to write a book. Yet God has been relentless in pushing me to write this. I have been on the backside of the desert with God studying the Bible extensively for ten years and He has taught me some things. Angie Ward lives in Cartersville, Georgia with her youngest son Chip and her husband Tom Ward." |
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1957 WORLD SERIES GAME 1 TICKET PROOF YANKEES v BRAVES $378.88 1957 WORLD SERIES GAME 1 TICKET PROOF YANKEES v BRAVES 1957 WORLD SERIES GAME 1 TICKET PROOF YANKEES v BRAVESEvery signed item comes fully certified with a tamper proof hologram certificate of authenticity and is backed by the SportsMemorabilia.com Authenticity Guarantee. |
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Bullet Proof $13.07 One marine's electrifying story of ferocious combat behind enemy lines. AFGHANISTAN, FEBRUARY 2008: In an out-of-control, dangerous country torn apart by war, littered with Taliban guerrilla forces and thousands of miles from home, Lance Corporal Matt Croucher, a Royal Marine with 40 Commando, accidentally activates a grenade whilst on a covert patrol behind enemy lines. With only a split second to react, Croucher's instincts kick in and he throws himself beside the grenade, reasoning that saving the lives of his three comrades was worth the likelihood of losing his own. Miraculously, and against all the odds, Croucher survived, and mere hours later was taking part in a gun battle against local insurgent fighters, demonstrating a raw, unique courage and devotion to military duty that would later see him awarded the George Cross -- a distinction bestowed only on those who perform acts of the greatest heroism or of the most conspicuous courage in circumstances of extreme danger. Croucher's George Cross would make him famous around the world. But his story is much more than just one heroic act in isolation. His is a life of bullets, blood and loyalty, and of lives saved and lives taken. From a young marine aged 19, when he was one of the first 200 Allied soldiers to invade Iraq back in 2003 as part of an elite force of British Marines and US Special Forces, through to his second tour of duty in 2004, when he suffered a fractured skull following a roadside bomb attack, only to return to action just a week later, and then being thrust into hellish Afghanistan, Croucher has seen vicious fighting, intense gun battles, roadside ambushes, and witnessed the death and injury of close colleagues on an almost daily basis. This is his incredible story: a searing, vivid, non-stop account of one man's heroism and courage under fire, in the most gruelling combat environment since the Second World War. "From the Hardcover edition." |
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Worry Proof $18.99 A leading pediatrician answers a question that's on every parent's mind: What's safe for my kids? There is no doubt that children today are living in an increasingly toxic world. Parents are more worried then ever, and conflicting reports in the media and rumors on the playground can cause even more confusion about which products are perfectly safe and which are harmful, even deadly. Dangerous or Safe? provides desperate parents with concrete answers on what foods, chemicals, and medicines pose real danger to kids. Combining scientific data, medical expertise, and a parent's intuition, Dr. Cara Natterson-a top pediatrician and mom herself-outlines these threats by first explaining the newest scientific research and then providing a "bottom line" for parents to follow based on the facts and her medical expertise. Making complicated medical and scientific information accessible, Dr. Natterson shows parents how to maximize their children's health and safety. Dangerous or Safe? explains the hazards of commonly known materials like lead and plastics; debunks myths about perceived threats; and exposes startling new evidence on seemingly benign products-such as cell phones-that may in fact endanger us all. An indispensable resource for parents, this relatable guide gives moms and dads clear instructions on what scary products to avoid, and which so-called poisons are completely safe. Whether it's allergens in the atmosphere or pesticide spray in the yard, Dangerous or Safe? prepares parents for nearly every hazard their child will face. |
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The Proof $6 The Proof - Johnny Saxx |
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The Proof of the External World: Cartesian Theism and the Possibility of Knowledge $41.49 Descartes' attempt to ground the possibility of human knowledge in the existence of God was judged to be a complete failure by his contemporaries. This remains the universal opinion of philosophers to this day, despite thefact that three and a half centuries of secular epistemology ' which attempts to ground the possibility of knowledge either in the unaided human intellect or in natural processes ' has failed to do any better. Further, the leading twentieth century attempts at theistic epistemology reject both the conception of knowledge and the standards of epistemic evaluation that Descartes takes for granted. In this book - partly an interpretation of Descartes and partly an attempt to complete his project ' the author endeavours to show that a theistic epistemology incorporating Platonic and Aristotelian/Thomist elements can revitalize the Cartesian approach to the solution of the central problems of epistemology, including that most elusive of prizes ' the proof of the external world. This book is essential reading for students of epistemology, metaphysics and philosophy. |
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The Proof Is in the Pudding: The Changing Nature of Mathematical Proof $40.25 Krantz takes the reader on a journey around the globe and through centuries of history, exploring the many transformations that mathematical proof has undergone from its inception at the time of Euclid and Pythagoras to its versatile, present-day use . The author elaborates on the beauty, challenges and metamorphisms of thought that have accompanied the search for truth through proof. The first two chapters examine the early beginnings of concept of proof and the creation of its elegant structure and language, touching on some of the logic and philosophy behind these developments. The history then unfolds as the author explains the changing face of proofs. The more well-known proofs, the mathematicians behind them, and the world that surrounded them are all highlighted . Each story has its own unique past; there was often a philosophical, sociological, technological or competitive edge that restricted or promoted progress. But the author's commentary and insights create a seamless thread throughout the many vignettes. Though there are many truths to be discovered in this book, by the end it is clear that there is no formalized approach or standard method of discovery to date. This is shown in noting some of the more prominent discussions currently underway, such as Gorenstein's effort to classify finance groups, Thomas Hale's resolution of the Kepler sphere-packing problem, and other modern tales. Most of the proofs are discussed in detail with figures and some equations accompanying them, allowing both the professional mathematician and those less familiar with mathematics to derive the same joy from reading this book. |
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The Nazi Ancestral Proof $27.95 How could Germans, inhabitants of the most scientifically advanced nation in the world in the early 20th century, have espoused the inherently unscientific racist doctrines put forward by the Nazi leadership? Eric Ehrenreich traces the widespread acceptance of Nazi policies requiring German individuals to prove their Aryan ancestry to the popularity of ideas about eugenics and racial science that were advanced in the late Imperial and Weimar periods by practitioners of genealogy and eugenics. After the enactment of Nazi racial laws in the 1930s, the Reich Genealogical Authority, employing professional genealogists, became the providers and arbiters of the ancestral proof. This is the first detailed study of the operation of the ancestral proof in the Third Reich and the link between Nazi racism and earlier German genealogical practices. The widespread acceptance of this racist ideology by ordinary Germans helped create the conditions for the Final Solution. |
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Proof Positive: Metaphysical Wisdom $19.57 This book will push the limits of your belief. It's about eye-opening distinctions that PROVE the Afterlife is REAL PROOF POSITIVE is written in a philosophical style for people of all religious and social belief systems, while guiding the reader toward their own path of development and enlightenment. If you've ever wondered whether there is a difference between Spirituality and Religion, then this book is for you It reveals so many detailed distinctions about paranormal phenomena, you'll be amazed that it's all in one book FIND OUT ABOUT: The difference between Soul, Spirit and Higher Self. How beliefs create our psychological environment. Misconceptions perpetuated by religions and the media. Our historical conversations and the boxes we live in. How dreams are a Gateway to the Spirit World. Animal consciousness and interspecies communication. The Collective Consciousness of September 11th. The real difference between skeptics and debunkers. What constitutes proof of survival A MUST-READ FOR ANYONE ON THE SOUL-SEARCHING JOURNEY |
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Reductive Logic and Proof-search $214 This book is a specialized monograph on the development of the mathematical and computational metatheory of reductive logic and proof-search, areas of logic that are becoming important in computer science. A systematic foundational text on these emerging topics, it includes proof-theoretic, semantic/model-theoretic and algorithmic aspects. The scope ranges from the conceptual background to reductive logic, through its mathematical metatheory, to its modern applications in thecomputational sciences.Suitable for researchers and graduate students in mathematical, computational and philosophical logic, and in theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence, this is the latest in the prestigous world-renowned Oxford Logic Guides, which contains Michael Dummet's Elements of intuitionism (2nd Edition), Dov M. Gabbay, Mark A. Reynolds, and Marcelo Finger's Temporal Logic Mathematical Foundations and Computational Aspects , J. M. Dunn and G. Hardegree's Algebraic Methods in Philosophical Logic, H. Rott's Change, Choice and Inference: A Study of Belief Revision and Nonmonotonic Reasoning , and P. T. Johnstone's Sketches of an Elephant: A Topos Theory Compendium: Volumes 1 and 2 . |
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Recession Proof Your Finances $26.95 The financial world is in turmoil: stock markets are crashing; banks collapsing; unemployment rising; property markets slowing and superannuation providing poor returns. Recession-proof Your Finances, by senior CHOICE journalist Alan Dooley, gives you the ammunition to get your personal finances back on track. Including great money savings tips, ideas for ‘bulletproofing’ your finances, and useful contacts and web links, this book will help you to: cut spending and use your money cleverly; save and invest for short-, medium- and long-term goals; take advantage of the lowest interest rates in 40 years with your mortgage; manage your superannuation; use credit cards to your advantage; safeguard your career; dodge the rip–offs; and get expert advice. |
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Crash Proof 2.0 $27.95 A fully updated follow-up to Peter Schiff's bestselling financial survival guide- Crash Proof , which described the economy as a house of cards on the verge of collapse, with over 80 pages of new material The economic and monetary disaster which seasoned prognosticator Peter Schiff predicted is no longer hypothetical-it is here today. And nobody understands what to do in this situation better than the man who saw it coming. For more than a decade, Schiff has not only observed the economy, but also helped his clients restructure their portfolios to reflect his outlook. What he sees today is a nation facing an economic storm brought on by growing federal, personal, and corporate debt; too little savings; and a declining dollar. Crash Proof 2.0 picks up right where the first edition-a bestselling book that predicted the current market mayhem-left off. This timely guide takes into account the dramatic economic shifts that are reshaping the world and provides you with the insights and information to navigate the dangerous terrain. Throughout the book, Schiff explains the factors that will affect your future financial stability and offers a specific three step plan to battle the current economic downturn. Discusses the measures you can take to protect yourself-as well as profit-during these difficult times Offers an insightful examination of the structural weaknesses underlying the economic meltdown Outlines a plan that will allow you to preserve wealth and protect the purchasing power of your savings Filled with in-depth insights and expert advice, Crash Proof 2.0 will help you survive and thrive during the coming years of economic uncertainty. |
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The Bitch-Proof Suit $16.13 The Bitch-Proof Suit is a sparkling and exciting novel, brimming with romance, humor, friendship, rivalry, Irish cocktails and scandalous behavior.When Blue (Bluebell) Byrne is up against the odds in the world of New York fashion marketing, she needs the ultimate in accessories - a bitch-proof suit. Her marketing experience has helped her create the perfect suit. She had it made by bespoke tailors, cut with twice the precision at half the price. No labels, no trends, just sheer cutting edge class.The story starts in Manhattan. Blue is about to put her suit to the ultimate test when she vies against a boardroom full of conniving business rivals to win the top job assignment - to work in the company's office in Dublin, Ireland, and settle a few scores at the same time.The suit, her negotiating skills and gutsy determination helps Blue win the job. Within hours she sets off for Dublin. It's the one place she swore she'd never go back to. Six years ago she'd left that city behind, along with Morgan Daire, the man who broke her heart, sure she'd never return. It had almost destroyed her once, but hell...she loves a challenge She'll be working with the unspeakably glamorous and influential Verde Valmont, and Verde's Irish assistant, Emer. Blue will also be facing up to the formidable Dubliner, Morgan Daire, the man whose past is inexorably linked with hers. Then there's her friend, Dublin designer, Murphy, an incorrigible rogue whose flirting causes jealousy and all sorts of trouble. She also encounters the sexy and handsome Sears Pearson, a New York coolhunter.The Bitch-Proof Suit did actually exist. The author, De-ann Black, designed and wore it several years ago when living and working in Dublin, and it served its purpose brilliantly. |
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Proof through the Night $12.95 Carols floating across no-man's-land on Christmas Eve 1914; solemn choruses, marches, and popular songs responding to the call of propaganda ministries and war charities; opera, keyboard suites, ragtime, and concertos for the left handall provided testimony to the unique power of music to chronicle the Great War and to memorialize its battles and fallen heroes in the first post-Armistice decade. In this striking book, Glenn Watkins investigates these variable roles of music primarily from the angle of the Entente nations' perceived threat of German hegemony in matters of intellectual and artistic accomplishmenta principal concern not only for Europe but also for the United States, whose late entrance into the fray prompted a renewed interest in defining America as an emergent world power as well as a fledgling musical culture. He shows that each nation gave "proof through the night"ringing evidence during the dark hours of the warnot only of its nationalist resolve in the singing of national airs but also of its power to recall home and hearth on distant battlefields and to reflect upon loss long after the guns had been silenced. Watkins's eloquent narrative argues that twentieth-century Modernism was not launched full force with the advent of the Great War but rather was challenged by a new set of alternatives to the prewar avant-garde. His central focus on music as a cultural marker during the First World War of necessity exposes its relationship to the other arts, national institutions, and international politics. From wartime scores by Debussy and Stravinsky to telling retrospective works by Berg, Ravel, and Britten; from "La Marseillaise" to "The Star-Spangled Banner," from "It's a Long Way to Tipperary" to "Over There," music reflected society's profoundest doubts and aspirations. By turns it challenged or supported the legitimacy of war, chronicled misgivings in miniature and grandiose formats alike, and inevitably expressed its sorrow at the final price exacted by the Great War. Proof through the Night concludes with a consideration of the post-Armistice period when, on the classical music front, memory and distance forged a musical response that was frequently more powerful than in wartime. |