Israel Israeli
Posted in Uncategorized on 11/27/2008 02:29 pm by admin
Israel Israeli
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US $.55
The United States hegemony for the past century has been unparalled on the world stage. America's economic prowess is undoubtedly unchallenged in the world and this more prominent in the Arab World. The U.S. has long been the dominant power broker in the region. The alliances with many Arab regimes have sustained its influence over many decades without noticeable challenges from any other powerful nations. What made this relationship strong in the first place and how did America benefit from these somewhat unnatural alliances?
The British, and to lesser extent France, was pulling most of the strings in that region. They were able to divide the region according to their imperial economic and political interests. Britain had forged close relations with many powerful elites at that time among them the sheiks of the Arabian Desert pitting one of the groups against the other. When the oil was discovered, the West was mostly interested in safeguarding the supply of these natural resources at any price. At the behest of the colonial power, boundaries were created according to their wishes, ruling elites were installed to preserve the indirect control, and the populace was in a state of sleepiness.
After World War I and II, the pax Britannica began to erode in the face of American hegemony and the brief Soviet challenges. America cut deals with many Gulf Arab rulers to defend them in return for cheap and abundant supply of oil to the world markets under United States supervisions. The political and economic bondage assured mutual survival and expansion. Arab regimes were able to outlive any political system in modern history thanks to America's continuous support and the former was able to obtain what is needed for its industrial productions of cheap oil.
The creation of the Jewish Nation after World War I through the Balfour's declaration and the establishment of the State of Israel shortly after World War II have to certain extents magnified and complicated the colonial relationships with the Arab States. At times, United States interests in the region contradicted that the interests of Israel or even Britain and France especially during the 1956 Suez Canal crisis. American foreign policy was until the middle of the 1960s was somewhat perceived as less intruding and more open to the conflicts in the region. However, after the 1967 the United States policy has tilted in favor of Israel and especially after the perceived threats from the Soviets.
For the past few decades, the line has become blurred and the United States has lost its objectivity in dealing with wider Arab interests and especially that of the Palestinians. Although it was able to maintain some mutual interest with many Arab regimes, the United States however lost its morale leadership among the wider Arab and Muslim populace. The interests of the United States did not match that of Israel in many issues, yet the Israeli policy and interests prevailed and that is mostly due to a powerful Israeli lobby in Washington D.C.
Since the loss of the Shah to an Islamic clergy, Iran and the United States had entered new phase of relationship that had impact on the entire surrounding countries. The emerging Iranian regime wanted an independent and a strong country not dependent on non-Islamic states for its survival. The Sunni Arab states feared such threat or expansion by a neighboring powerful branch of Islam, Shi'ism. During the 1980s, Iran and Iraq fought a bloody war costing millions of lives not to mention the enormous economic losses. Bleeding the resources of both countries, America benefited and to a certain degree gained sympathy within many Sunni Arabs. Egypt has earlier declared a peace treaty with Israel and in 1993 was joined by Jordan.
The Gulf War in 1991, over a decade of economic and political sanctions, and the second Iraq war have the Iraq stateless and the United States less loved and admired. Instead of relying mostly on diplomacy and international law, the United States applied more sticks and flexed its muscles. Although that might have had short term benefits, however the long term impact has already eroded the hegemonic interest of the United in the region if not around the world. The Arab regimes would not and could not outlive the will of their people. While fundamentalists should remain checked and contained, the majority of the Arab masses do not subscribe to these minority of views and are increasingly becoming impatient with the U.S. policy in the region and its implications on their daily lives.
Joe Baaklini: Middle East Political Analyst
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